Solutions

TS 10th Class English 3A The Journey Textbook Questions and Answers

Look at the picture and read the following excerpt from the diary of a 72-year-old man. Answer the questions that follow

As I sit here alone and waiting I gaze at people passing me by. I try to smile and reach out to them But no one notices; no one waits. They look to me like I am nothing Are they afraid to be seen saying "Hi" to an old man like me

Question 1.
What is the excerpt about?

Answer: The excerpt is about an old man inner feelings. He feels sorry for himself. Through this excerpt, he tries to tell the readers about his pathetic condition. He feels that he is totally neglected.

Question 2.
How do people respond to the old mans smile?

Answer: When the old man tries to smile and reach out to others, no one notices and no one waits. They look to him like he is nothing. The old man feels that they are afraid to be seen saying "Hi" to an old man like him.

Question 3.
How should old people be treated so that they do not feel neglected?

Answer: The old people should be treated equally. They should be respected and treated with honour. They should not be bullied or laughed at. We should share our feelings with them. We should give value to their feelings. We should obey them and try to follow their pieces of advice. If we treat the old people as mentioned above, they dont feel neglected.

I. Answer the following questions

Question 1.
After spending a leisurely Sunday at home, the very thought of returning to work on Monday is tiring. Do you agree? Have you ever felt so?

Answer: Yes, 1 agree to the above statement. After spending a leisurely holiday at home, the very thought of returning to work on the next day is tiring to anyone. I have felt so many a time. I felt so after Dussehra holidays, Pongal holidays and summer vacation previously. It would be a difficult day for me going to school on the very first day after the holidays are over.

Question 2.
The last sentence of the first paragraph and the first sentence of the second paragraph appear to contradict each other. What could be the reason for the change in the decision?

Answer:: The last sentence of the first paragraph says that the author didnt want to go but the first sentence of the second paragraph says that the author decided to go finally. Both the sentences contradict each other. At first he didnt want to go as he had got married. He didnt want to leave behind his newly-wed wife. But, when he remembered his increased responsibilities because of his marriage and his debts, he decided to return to work.

Question 3.
Why did the author get into debt? Think of some possible reasons?

Answer: The author felt that he had got into debt after his marriage

  1. The author might have met his marriage expenses
  2. He spent leisurely at home for about six months without going to work
  3. The increased expenses for the new couple.
  4. The author might have bought new furniture.
  5. He might have bought a new flat.
  6. He might have bought a number of sarees for his newly-wed wife
  7. He might have spent money carelessly.
  8. He might have given money to his old parents.
Question 4.
Why was the author reluctant to carry his own luggage? What would you do if you were in the author place?

Answer: The author was reluctant to carry his own luggage as he had the feeling that if he carried the luggage, the whole world would laugh at him. He thought that his education had made him shun physical labour. In fact, the author looked for someone help. He felt that his guilt, shame, self-consciousness and pride might have stopped him from carrying the luggage. If I were in the authors place, I would not do like he did. I would myself carry the luggage without looking for others help.

Question 5.
The author feared that the whole world would laugh at him if he carried the trunk. Was the fear imaginary or real? Give reasons for your answer?

Answer: The author feared that the whole world would laugh at him if he carried the trunk. I think his fear was imaginary. No one laughs at us when we do our work. In fact, carrying the trunk should not have been such a worry for him. For a young man like the author it should not have been an issue to carry his luggage on his back. Actually the others will praise his modesty, if he carries his luggage himself.

Question 6.
Choose one sentence from the story that best expresses the author false prestige. Support your answer with details from the story?

Answer: "Somehow, I had the feeling that if 1 carried the luggage, my father and my people, in fact the whole world would laugh at me and I would be belittled," - this sentence expresses the authors false prestige. He thought that his education had made him avoid physical labour. As a government officer, he didnt accept the idea of people seeing him carry his own luggage. He was of the opinion that it was through him that his parents had earned a greater degree of admiration and respect from the villagers. He felt that his father would not like to see him carrying a trunk on his back and would be very hurt if he did so. These are all the facts which show the author false prestige.

Question 7.
What does the phrase opposite directions in the last sentence suggest?

Answer: When the bus started moving, the author saw his father gradually receding into the distance. The author felt that their journeys started in two opposite directions, with him seated in the luxurious seat of a bus and father walking back with tired legs on the pebble-strewn road. The phrase opposite directions suggests that both their directions were different. Actually, the son and the father had to travel in opposite directions to reach their destinations. In the other sense, the writers way was a luxurious one as he was an educated one and a government officer. He didnt need to lead such a hard and laborious life like his father used to lead. When compared with his life, his fathers life was much harder one.

Question 8.
How was the story told? Were the events narrated in the order in which they had happened? Spot the sentences where the course of narration changed its direc¬tions. How effective was it?

Answer: The Journey is a beautiful narrative by Yeshe Dorjee Thongchi. Most of the events were narrated in the order in which they had happened. Here and there we find that the narration changed its directions. The sentences where the course of narration changed its directions

  1. "I did not have much to carry byway of luggage - just a trunk. Ours is a hilly terrain Here the author tried to give the reason. Then he explained the purpose of his coming to his place. Thus, the course of narration was changed
  2. "Nobody had time to spare for me. In fact, carrying the trunk should not have been such a worry"
  3. The course of narration was changed after the first sentence when the author tried to tell us about his inner feelings.
  4. "We were walking up a narrow hilly road and neither of us uttered a word as if we were strangers who spoke different languages. I did not know what was going on in his mind."
  5. When we observe the two sentences given above, the first one changed its direc¬tion when the author tried to present his thoughts
  6. "Father wanted to say something but the bus started moving." Later the narrative was changed its course when the author tried to think about his way in comparison with his fathers.
  7. A reader could understand very well about the authors inner thoughts by this way of narration. He too would try to think in his own way imagining that if he were in the author place. Thus it was effective in provoking the thoughts.
II. Write the number of the paragraph that gives the stated information in each of the following sentences
Question1.
The author enjoyed his married life?
.

Answer: Paragraph 1 (The first paragraph)

Question2.
The author tried to convince himself that he had not done anything wrong?

Answer: Paragraph 11.

Question3.
The author was ashamed of making his father carry his trunk?

Answer: Paragraph 10.

Question4.
The author looks at himself and his father as two travellers taking two different roads?

Answer: Paragraph 16 (The last paragraph)

QuestionIII.
The following statements are false. Correct them?
  1. The author offered to carry the trunk for some time.
  2. The author could decide on whether to allow his father to carry the trunk or not.
  3. The author took unpaid leave.
  4. The father was not happy with the old shoes his son gave him.

Answer: Corrections:

  1. The author didnt carry the trunk at all throughout the story. His father carried it all the way
  2. .
  3. The author decided that it would be better to let his father carry the trunk
  4. The author initially thought of taking unpaid leave but later he decided against it
  5. The father was happy with the old shoes his son gave him. His face lit up with content-ment when he noticed the author taking out his pair of shoes from the trunk
Vocabulary
QuestionI.
Look at these words from the story
  1. newly-wed wife
  2. bus stop
  3. forehead

Answer:They are all compound words. A compound word is a union of two or more words to convey a unit idea or special meaning that is not as clearly or quickly conveyed by separated words. As shown above, compound words may be hyphenated, written open (as separate words), or written solid (closed). The use of compounding in English is an evolving process. As expressions become more popular or adopt special meanings, they follow a gradual evolution from two or more separate or hyphenated words to single words

audio visual audio visual audio visual
copy editor copy editor copy editor
wild life wild life wild life

The words in the first, second and third columns are called open compounds, hyphenated compounds and closed compounds respectively. In this unit we focus on hyphenated compounds

A hyphenated compound is a combination of words joined by a hyphen or hyphens. Here, the hyphen aids understanding and readability and ensures correct pronunciation. Words are hyphenated mainly to express the idea of a unit and to avoid ambiguity

QuestionA.
Pick out all the compound words from the story and group them under the head-ings as explained above?

Answer:

Open compounds Hyphenated compounds Closed compounds
bus stop newly-wed Anyone
government officer far-off Someone
tea shop 20-kilo forehead
each other home-made moreover
bare feet matter-of-fact matter-of-fact
  self-consciousness 6anyway
  white-collar childhood
  pebble-strewn useless
    anything
    somehow
QuestionB.
Fill in the blanks to make hyphenated compound words. Refer to a dictionary and get the meaning. Write a few sentences using them appropriately?
1 20 kilo Rupee inch cake chest Note Tin
2 Newly wedded formed constructed discovered wife association building particle
3 Flood Home Flood Pebble Kind Well Hit Made Strewn Hearted mannered area Wine Villages Road People Man
4 white Pink New Collar Card Tradp job Holder Union
Own Sentences
  1. He can easily lift a 20-kilo chest.
  2. My father gave me a 20-rupee note.
  3. We ordered a 20-inch cake tin and it has just been delivered.
  4. Mr. Prakash came to his native place along with his newly-wedded wife
  5. .
  6. The newly-formed association held an important meeting yesterday
  7. Theirs is a newly-constructed building.
  8. The scientists declared that it was a newly-discovered particle-
  9. The CM has visited the flood-hit area.
  10. They served the home-made wine in the party.
  11. The officials listed out the flood-hit villages.
  12. I have to walk over pebble-strewn road to reach the temple.
  13. They are kind-hearted people; they have made their contribution in building this hospital.
  14. Mr. Rajan is a well-mannered man; he always tries to be friendly with others.
  15. Mr. Ravi Teja was offered a white-collar job.
  16. Mr. Bharat is a pink-card holder, who is eligible to take all the fair-price goods.
  17. Ysterday, they formed a new-trade union.
QuestionC.
Fill in the blanks with the missing parts of compound words
    Kedarnath lived in Uttarakhand. Due to heavy rains, his village was hit by floods. His newly ____
  1. ____ house fell down and he became ______
  2. _____ less. The Chief Minister visited all the _____
  3. ____ hit villages and announced immediate help. However, Kedarnath lost his self ____
  4. ____ and tried to commit suicide by jumping into the flooded river. Some brave and ____
  5. ____ hearted people rescued him risking their lives. They told their stories too. Someone had lost his ____
  6. ____ wedded wife, and someone else had lost all his family members. One of them offered him a ____
  7. ____ collar job. It required him to carry rice bags. But he could not carry even a 20 ____
  8. ____ bag, so he asked for a ____
  9. ____ job. But no such jobs were available. One of them suggested ____
  10. ____ employment scheme. But Kedarnath had no money. One day as he was walking on the pebble ____
  11. ____ road, he found some ____
  12. ____ plated idols and jewellery in a box

Answer:

  1. built (newly-built)
  2. home (homeless)
  3. flood (flood-hit)
  4. confidence (self-confidence)
  5. kind (kind-hearted)
  6. newly (newly-wedded)
  7. blue (blue-collar)
  8. kilo (20-kilo)
  9. white-collar
  10. self (self-employment)
  11. strewn (pebble-strewn)
  12. gold (gold-plated)
QuestionII.
Look at the word dilly-dally from the text. This is a reduplicative word. The words super-duper and bye bye are also reduplicative words. But they belong to different categories shown below?
  1. Duplicative type : Here, the first part of the word is repeated without any change. e.g.: bye bye
  2. Alliterative type : Here, the two parts have the same consonants but different vowels. e.g. : dilly-dally, chit-chat
  3. Rhyming type : Here, the second word starts with a different consonant but rhymes with the first part. e.g. : super-duper
QuestionA.
Look at the following reduplicatives carefully and put them under proper headings in the table given below?

Answer:

Duplicative Alliterative Rhyming
aye-aye ding-ding bow-bow
chuk-chuk ping-pong easy-peasy
bang-bang zig-zag okey-dokey
chop-chop see-saw hodge-podge
tata hip-hop helter-skelter
papa chit-chat itsy-bitsy
ha ha pitter-patter nitty-gritty
boo-boo tip-top hanky-panky
hush-hush tick-tock teeny-weeny
night-night mish-mash hurly-burly

Reduplicatives are used in a variety of ways. Some simply imitate sounds: ding- dong, bow-wow. Some suggest alternative movements: flip-flop, ping-pong. And some intensify meaning: teeny-weeny(very small), tip-top(very good)

Find the meanings of the words you like and use them in your own sentences. You will find similar words in your language too. For example, in Telugu, we have words like chi-chi, pho-pho, kaadu-kaadu, tara-tama, taado-pedo, pilla-jella, auto-ito. Give some examples from your language. Dont they sound musical

Reduplicative Words in Telugu
QuestionB.
Answer each of the following questions using a reduplicative word?
  1. What does the clock say? ____________________
  2. What does the school bell say? _________________
  3. ___
  4. How does the rain drop? ____________________
  5. What does the dog say? ____________________
  6. How do you laugh? ____________________

Answer:

  1. tick-tock
  2. ding-dong
  3. pitter-patter
  4. bow-wow
  5. ha ha

Grammar

I. In this story the author used past perfect tense (had + past participle) in many sentences. If you observe the following sentences from the story and the rules given under them, you will understand why and how the past perfect tense is used

Question1.
It was 10.20 My father had already left?

Answer: When an action takes place before a point of time in the past, the action is expressed in the past perfect tense. (Sometimes the point of time can be understood from the earlier sentences and other contextual clues.)

Question2.
Finally we reached Dirang. The bus from Tawang had not yet reached Dirang. (para 11)?

Answer: When two actions in the past are clearly separated by time, the earlier action is expressed in the past perfect tense.

Question3.
I quickly sat down on a rock. My father laughed at my plight, (para 7) ?

Answer: When two actions in the past happen simultaneously, both of them are expressed in the past tense.

Question4.
a) Sunitha never saw a bear before she was transferred to Maredumilli. (not from the story) ?
  1. Shindh closed the doors because she heard loud noises from outside
  2. I never met him after I left India.

Answer: Normally, when the time relation is unambiguous, (by the use of before, after, because, etc.), the simple past (past perfect is optional) is used to refer to both past actions.

Comment on the use of the simple past tense/past perfect tense (as illustrated above) in the following sentences. Identify the tense and give reasons for the use of the tense used.

Question1.
I had come home this time round for a special purpose: to get married. My parents had arranged my marriage according to the customs of our tribal society?

Answer: In both the sentences, the part perfect tense is used as those two actions had already completed before his narration, (had come, had arranged)

Question2.
Time flew, and five months into my marriage I realized it?

Answer: In the above sentence both the verbs are in the simple past tense as the time relation is unambiguous and those two occur in the past simultaneously.

Question3.
But after some dilly-dallying I finally decided against it because marriage had increased my responsibilities and I had got into debt. ?

Answer: "Marriage had increased my responsibilities and 1 had got into debt." - These two actions occurred before "I finally decided against it." Hence, in the earlier two actions the past perfect tense is used while the simple past tense is used in the latter.

Question4.
On my way home from the bus stop my trunk had been carried by a porter, (para 3) ?

Answer: The above action occurred before his narrating the story. Hence, the past perfect tense (had been carried) is used.

Question5.
A large crowd gathered at our place the day I was to leave. People had come to wish me luck, (para 6) ?

Answer: A large crowd gathered at our place the day I was to leave. ? In this sentence the simple past tense is used as it occurred later.

People had come to wish me luck. ? In this sentence the past perfect tense is used as it occurred earlier.

People had come and then the large crowd gathered. Hence, the two tenses are used

Question6.
Father was quiet for some time. He thoughtfully looked at the sun for a moment, and then his eyes fell on the can of home-made wine that I was carrying, (para 9) ?

Answer: The actions in the above sentences occurred in the past simultaneously. Hence, the simple past tense is used in all the actions except the last part of the second sentence. " ........... that I was carrying." Here the past continuous tense is used as it was going on at the time of narrating.

Question7.
I gave him the can of wine. He poured himself a mug and handed me the can. He drank all of it at one go. He then arranged the belt that was attached to the trunk carefully on his forehead. (para 10) ?

Answer: All the actions are in the simple past tense as they all occurred in the past simultaneously and also the time relation is unambiguous.

Question8.
I had never got used to physical labour having stayed in hostels right from my childhood. (para 11) ?

Answer: "I had never get used to ............" Here the past perfect tense is used as the author while narrating, went intq the past and told. Hence, the past perfect tense is used.

Question9.
His feet had developed cracks and somehow resembled those of an elephant. (para 14) ?

Answer: When two actions in the past are clearly separated by time, the earlier action is expressed in the past perfect tense. "His feet had developed cracks" .... This action took place before "his feet resembled those of an elephant." Hence, the earlier action is expressed in the past perfect tense and the latter is expressed in the simple past, (had developed, resembled)

Question10.
I noticed this for the first time. 1 hadnt noticed that the road was uneven, (para 14) ?

Answer: "I noticed this for the first time." Here the simple past tense is used as it is the authors narration. "I hadnt noticed that ........ " This action might have occurred if the author did it but this action didnt take place. Hence, the past perfect tense (+ not) is used. " the road was uneven." The condition of the road was mentioned here. It was the condition of the road when he narrated. Hence, the simple past tense is used

Question11.
I checked my wallet and saw I still had around Rs.40 with me. (para 14) ?

Answer: Both the actions in the above sentences occurred in the past simultaneously. Hence, the simple past tense is used in both the contexts

Question12.
I then took out my pair of leather shoes from the trunk, and noticed my father face lighting up with contentment, (para 15) ?

Answer: The above two actions occurred in the past simultaneously and the time relation is unambiguous. Hence, the simple past tense is used, (took, noticed)

Question13.
I saw that the road we had come by looked like a giant motionless rope, (para 16) ?

Answer: "I saw that " - Here the past tense is used to refer to the past action as it is the writers narration. " ............ we had come by looked ............" - Here the past perfect tense is used as this action had completed before his narration. " ............... looked like a giant motion rope." - Here the simple past tense is used to refer to the action as it is the writers narration

Question14.
He stopped his business after he became old?

Answer: In this sentence both the verbs stopped and became are in the past tense as the time is unambiguous

Question15.
I never ate haleem before I visited Hyderabad?
https://www.manabadi.co.in/institute/AdmNCERTuploadfile-NoSession.aspx img In this sentence the verbs ate and visited are in the past tense as the time is unambiguous? II. Adverbial Clauses Study the following examples from the story
  1. As I had to do a bit of catching up, I walked fast.
  2. As I was going to take my first sip. 1 heard fathers voice.
  3. He decided to go to his work place because he got into debts
Question.
In all the above sentences there are two clauses. The underlined part is the adverbial clause?

There are several types of adverbial clauses

Combine the pairs of sentences by using the words given in brackets.
  1. There was nobody in the village to carry the authors luggage. Everbody was engaged in some important work, (because)
  2. The roads were not good. He preferred less luggage, (as)
  3. He wanted to stay at home for some more days. He wanted to apply for leave, (since)
  4. You may not attend the class. You dont want to come again, (if)
  5. The boy was about to come down the stairs. Then it crumbled down, (when)

Answer:

  1. There was nobody in the village to carry the authors luggage because everybody was engaged in some important work.
  2. As the roads were not good, he preferred less luggage.
  3. Since he wanted to stay at home for some more days, he wanted to apply for leave.
  4. If you want to come again, you have to attend the class.
  5. Whan the boy was about to come down the stairs, it crumbled down
    1. More about Adverbial Clauses
      1. Adverbial Clauses of Time Adverbial Clauses of Time are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions when-ever, since, after, before, while, as, etc. e.d.:
      2. As Bayaji came home, his children returned
      3. As soon as the bell rang, the children came out crying
      4. While Sachin was batting, there was a heavy noise all over the stadium
      5. Adverbial Clauses of Place
      6. Adverbial Clauses of Place are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions where and whereas.
      7. You can go wherever you like
      8. I want to live where you live
      9. Adverbial Clauses of Reason
      10. Adverbial Clauses of Reason are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions because, that, as, since. e.g.:
      11. Because he was ill, he didnt come.
      12. He was very happy that his son had passed.
      13. As she was absent from school, the teacher punished her.
      14. Adverbial Clauses of Manner : Adverbial Clauses of Manner are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions like, as, as if.
      15. He finished the work as she requested.
      16. He is acting like he doesnt like her.
      17. They talked as if they had read.
      18. Adverbial Clauses of Purpose : Adverbial Clauses of Purpose are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions so that, in order that and lest
      19. Work hard lest you should fail.
      20. We eat so that we may live.
      21. Sunlight is needed in order that the process of photosynthesis takes place.
      22. Adverbial Clauses of Condition : Adverbial Clauses of Condition are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions if, whether, unless
      23. Unless you work harder, you will fail.
      24. If I go to Hyderabad, I will meet your brother.
      25. She was uncertain whether to stay or leave.
      26. Adverbial Clauses of Consequence : Adverbial Clauses of Consequence are introduced by the subordinating conjunction that.
      27. She is such a kind man that all love him.
      28. She speaks in such a low voice that nobody can hear her
      29. .
      30. Adverbial Clauses of Comparison : Adverbial Clauses of Comparison of Degree are introduced by the subordinating conjunction than, or by the Relative Adverb as .... as.
      31. She is younger than he.
      32. He is as stupid as he is lazy.
      33. Adverbial Clauses of Concession : Adverbial Clauses of Concession are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions though, although, even if.
      34. Though he is poor he is honest.
      35. Even if it rains 1 shall come.
      36. He passed in first division although he didnt work hard.
      Writing
      QuestionI.
      In the story The Journey the author says ".... my education had made me shun physical labour". This is an adverse effect of education. Now write an essay on The Adverse Effects of Education. Here are some points?
      Effect on
      1. doing some work that involves physical labour
      2. dress/fashion
      3. family relationships
      4. giving respect to elders
      5. the treatment of illiterate people

      Answer The Adverse Effects of Education It is a well-known fact that education plays a vital role in bringing up both economically and socially. It is thought that education helps people in so many ways. Highly educated people are enjoying the status in the present day society. People with high education attain a good job, more money and many other benefits. A literate person can show the right path to others. We usually think of the benefits of education only but we should not ignore the adverse effects of education

      When the pupils spend all their time in reading and writing, there is no scope for them to do any other work. They dont find time even to play games. Their education makes them physically weak. They are unable to do any work that involves physical labour. "A sound mind in a sound body" is a proverb. Both the sound mind and the sound body are needed if one desires to be successful. When we are helathy, we can perform our functions regularly and properly. Today, most of the pupils stay in hostels right from their childhood. Hence, they never get the chance to do physical labour. Ones physical labour will make oneself both physically and mentally strong. But todays education system doesnt allow the pupils to do physical labour. And the other thing is that the educated people think that others will laugh at them if they do any kind of physical labour. They think that theirs is an important position in the society. Doing their own things is the point of prestige for them. Their false prestige makes them think in a wrong way

      The second point is their dress sense. The persons with high education try to wear fashionable dresses which are different from other ones. As far as the educated Indians are concerned, they give more value to the western culture. They try to adapt the foreigners culture. They never think of our culture and traditions. They think that only illiterate people wear such kind of dresses which reflect our culture. In their view, they will be degraded if they dont wear modern dresses. This thought only leads to other social problems. The young womens dress sense will cause them a threat. They think that they are superior to the uneducated ones and behave arrogantly

      Another important point is how education affects the family relations. When a person completes his education, he starts thinking that he is greater than the other uneducated members of his family. He wants to show his dominance. If he gets employment, he doesnt find time to spend with them. He always thinks about earning money. He gives importance to money only. He doesnt show any love and affection even for his parents. Thus, ones education leads to the absence of human relationships

      Most of the literates dont give any respect to elders. As Indians, we generally have faith in our values, traditions and culture. What we have learnt from our ancestors is that we should give utmost respect to our elders. At present, we witness a different scenario. Some educated persons think that there is no use of elders. They forget the sacrifices made by them. They ill-treat their family members who are illiterates. This will lead to the destruction of family relationships

      No doubt, there are so many advantages with the education one gets. But ones education makes one senseless. The educated persons must not move away from physical labour. They must do some work that involves physical labour. They should take care about their dress. They should not deviate from our traditional way of dressing. They should maintain good family relationships. They should respect elders. They should treat the illiterate people with courtesy. Then only their education is meaningful

      QuestionII.
      Summarising A few guidelines and tips to summarize a text are given below. Read them carefully. Then read the essay On Umbrella Morals and summarize it?

      AnswerGuidelines and tips to summarize a text To summarize is to condense a text to its main points and to do so in your own words. To include every detail is neither necessary nor desirable. In order to write a good summary, you may have to gather minor points or components of an argument from different places in the text in order to summarize the text in an organized way. A point made in the beginning of an essay and then one made toward the end may need to be grouped together in your summary to concisely convey the argument that the author is making

      Here are a few key points
      1. Read the article carefully - as many times as you require!
      2. Begin your summary by mentioning the author and title. The publication and date may also be mentioned.
      3. Summarize in your own words in third person using simple present tense.
      4. Use transition words (however, moreover, then, also, etc.).
      5. Avoid unnecessary details and direct quotes.
      6. Do not give your own opinion.
      7. Keep it within the word limit given or one third of the original text
      8. Prefer short and simple sentences.
      9. Be consistent with the tense.
      10. Check for grammar and punctuation errors.

      Read the following essay.

      On Umbrella Morals

      -Alfred George Gardiner

      A sharp shower came on as I walked along the street, but 1 did not put up my umbrella. The truth is I couldnt put up my umbrella. The frame would not work for one thing, and even if it had worked, I would not have put the thing up, because it was falling to pieces and I would be the laughing stock. The fact is, the umbrella is not my umbrella at all. It is the umbrella of some person who I hope will read these lines: He has got my silk umbrella. I have got the cotton one he left in exchange. I imagine him walking along the street under my umbrella, and throwing a scornful glance at the fellow who was carrying his ugly thing. I dare say the rascal laughed silently as he eyed the fool with his cotton umbrella. He is one of those people who have what I may call an umbrella conscience.

      I hope you know the sort of person I mean. He would never put his hand in another pocket, or forge a cheque or rob a cashbox -not even if he had the chance. But he will swap umbrellas, or forget to return a book, or take a rise out of the railway company. In fact he is a thoroughly honest man who allows his honesty the benefit of the doubt. Perhaps he takes your umbrella at random from the barber stand. He knows he cant get a worse one than his own. He may get a better one. He doesnt look at it very closely until he is well on his way. Then, "Dear me! Ive taken the wrong umbrella," he says, with an air of surprise, for he likes really to feel that he has made a mistake. "Ah, well, it no use going back now. Hed be gone. And Ive left him mine! "It is thus that we play hide-and-seek with our own conscience. It is not enough not to be found out by others; we refuse to be found out by ourselves. Quite impeccable people, people who ordinarily seem unspotted from the world, are afflicted with umbrella morals

      It was a well-known preacher who was found dead in a first-class railway carriage with a third-class ticket in his pocket. And as for books, who has any morals where they are concerned? I remember some years ago the library of a famous divine and literary critic, who had died, being old. It was a splendid library of rare books, chiefly concerned with seventeenth-century writers, about whom he was a distinguished authority. Multitudes of the books had the marks of libraries all over the country. He had borrowed them and never found a convenient opportunity of returning them. They clung to him like pre-cedents to law. Yet he was a holy man and preached admirable sermons, as I can bear witness. And, if you press me on the point, I shall have to own that it is hard to part with a book you have come to love.

      It is possible, of course, that the gentleman who took my silk umbrella did really make a mistake. Perhaps if he knew the owner, he would return it with his compliments. After my experience to-day, I think I will engrave my name on my umbrella. But not on that baggy thing standing in the corner. I do not care who relieves me of that. It is anybody for the taking.

      Study Skills

      Use the following graphic organizers to represent your understanding of the story The Journey. Modify the layout to suit your needs.

      1. How could I allow my old father to carry my trunk
      2. What would people think
      3. What would they say
      4. It was improper for me to let father carry the luggage.
      5. It was through me that they (my parents) had earned a greater degree of admiration and respect from the villagers.
      6. He was stronger and more skilled than I in these matters.
      7. His education had made him shun physical labour.
      8. His father, his people, and the whole world would laugh at him and he would be belittled.
      9. His father would not like him to see him carrying a trunk on his back
      10. I would myself carry my luggage. I wouldnt make my father carry it
      11. The author action is inhuman. He is thankless and selfish.
      12. The author is ungrateful. He doesnt show any respect, love, and affection for his father.

      Listening

      Listen to the story and answer the questions that follow.

      Once there was a very rich man. His name was Dhanaraju. He had two sons, Ganiraju and Pothuraju. Ganiraju was hard working and obedient. He always helped his father in the fields. But Pothuraju was lazy. He never went to fields. He was disobedient to his father. He always wanted to lead a free, lavish life, so one day he said to his father, "Father, give me my share of property." The father was heart-broken. He divided the property between his two sons. Pothuraju left home with his share. He went to a distant land, made a lot of friends and soon spent all his property lavishly on friends, food and drinks. All his friends left him.

      At that time, there was a famine and Pothuraju had no work and food. None of his friends gave him food or money. He took up the job of feeding pigs. Sometimes, he had to eat the food kept for the pigs. He was very sad about his condition. He soon began to think of his father and his brother. He said to himself, "In my father house, even the servants have enough food. They get good shelter too. But here, I am struggling for food and shelter. I will go back to my father. 1 will beg him to take me as his servant." So decided, the dishonest son set out for his father house. In the meantime, his father was always thinking of his second son. He would sit near the windows. He would look out at the road, expecting his son to return home.

      One day Dhanaraju saw his son coming at a distance. He rah out of the house in great joy and hugged his son. His son knelt down. He said, "Father, 1 am not fit to be your son. Take me as your servant."

      QuestionI.
      Read the statements given below and mark True or False against each of them?
      1. Pothuraju went to far-off lands to enjoy free life.
      2. Ganiraju asked his father to give his share of property.
      3. Pothuraju had a lavish life from the beginning.
      4. Dhanaraju did not care about Pothuraju.

      Answer

      1. True
      2. False
      3. False
      4. False
      QuestionII.
      Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the story you have just listened to?
      1. A Rich Son
      2. Repentance
      3. Two Sons

      Answer: Repentance

      The Journey Summary in English

      The Journey is an excellent piece of work written by Yeshe Dorjee Thongchi, a prominent Assamese writer and it is translated into English by D.P. Nath. The author was a government officer. He came to his village to get married. His parents had arranged his marriage, according to the customs of their tribal society. After spending six months at home, he was preparing to return to his place of work. But he didnt want to leave behind his newly-wed wife. He thought of extending his leave too. But his responsibilities made him decide to go.

      As theirs is a hilly terrain, without any motorable roads, the author always prefers to carry less luggage. Now, his problem was that he needed someone to carry his luggage as his education had made him avoid physical labour. Since most of the villagers were busy in the fields, he couldnt find even one who could help him carry the trunk to the bus stop. Finally, the writers father told him that he would see him off at Dirang. He didnt want to allow his old father to carry his trunk and so he protested. But his father decided to carry the chest to the bus stop. On the day of his departure, a large crowd gathered to wish him luck and the author left for Dirang at 10 : 20. His father had already left and he had to walk fast to catch up his father. He was very tired when he caught up with his father. He sat on a rock to rest for a while. His father drank all the wine given by him and resumed carrying the luggage on his back. The author followed his father. Neither of them spoke a word as if they were strangers. The author thought that it was improper for him to let his father carry the luggage. Although he wanted to tell his father that he would like to carry the trunk himself, he couldnt do so because of his guilt, shame and pride. He felt that the whole world would laugh at him if he did so.

      The author knew that his father had provided for his education. He thought that it was through him that his parents had earned admiration and respect from the villagers. He knew that he was physically useless in spite of his youth and strength. He concluded that it would be better to let his father carry the luggage and followed him silently After resting at two places for tiffin, they reached Dirang finally. They entered a tea shop and started sipping tea. His father asked him if he had a pair of old shoes. Then the author looked at his fathers bare feet and noticed that they were full of cracks. He noticed this for the first time. He offered his father money but he refused to take. Instead, he wanted the authors old pair. So, the author gave him the hunting boots he was wearing. His father filled with satisfaction when he saw the author taking out his pair of leather shoes from the trunk. His father wanted to say something to him but the bus started moving. Finally the author realized that both their ways were different - his way was a luxurious one while his fathers was a difficult one.

      The Journey Glossary

      lethargy (n) : the state of not having any energy or enthusiasm for doing things

      creeps (v) : develops very slowly

      terrain (n) : a particular type of land

      extend (v) : to continue for a longer period of time

      dilly-dallying (v) : taking a long time to do something, go somewhere or make a decision

      debt (n) : a sum of money that a person or organization owes

      shun (v) : to avoid something or somebody

      chest (n) : a large strong box

      see off (phr.v.) : to go to an airport, station, etc. to say goodbye to someone

      protest (v) : to say that one strongly disagrees with

      dissuade (v) : to convince somebody not to do something

      catch up (phr.v.) : to come from behind and reach someone in front of you by going faster

      plight (n) : a difficult and sad situation

      utter (v) : to say something

      guilt (n) : the unhappy feelings caused by knowing that you have done something wrong

      self-consciousness (n) : feelings of nervousness about what other people think of you

      belittle (v) : to make someone or something seem small or unimportant

      hardly (adv) : almost not

      sip (n) : a very small amount of a drink

      pebbles (n) : small smooth stones

      bare feet (n.phrase) : the feet without chappals or shoes

      contentment (n) : a feeling of happiness or satisfaction

      recede (v) : move back from a previous position further and further until it

      disappears

      weary (adj) : very tired

      pebble-strewn road (n.phrase) : the road over which pebbles are scattered

Important Question

TS 10th Class English 7th lesson The Journey Important Questions lesson

Section - A : Reading Comprehension

(Q.1 - 7) (A) Read the following passage

After spending a leisurely Sunday at home, the very thought of returning to work on Monday is tiring. Lethargy creeps in, if the holiday continues over , an extended period. That is how I felt when I was preparing to return to my place of work after spending six months at home. The fact that I was to leave behind my newly-wed wife and go to a far-off place did not help either. Obviously I did not want to go

However, I finally did decide to go. I did not have much to carry by way of luggage- just a trunk. Ours is a hilly terrain, without any motorable roads -and there is no certainty that we are ever going to have any roads. In any case, while coming home we do not carry bedding. Besides, I had come home this time round for a special purpose: to get married

My parents had arranged my marriage, according to the customs of our tribal society. Time flew, and five months into my marriage I realized it. Initially I thought of extending my leave - even taking unpaid leave. But after some dillydallying, I finally decided against it because marriage had increased my responsibilities and I had got into debt

On my way home from the bus stop, my trunk had been carried by a porter. The problem now was we couldnt find anyone who could help me carry the trunk to the bus stop. At another time of the year, we would have easily found someone to spare for me. In fact, carrying the trunk should not have been such a worry for me except that my education had made me shun physical labour

After all, I was a government officer and the idea of people seeing me carry my own luggage was not at all amusing. Otherwise, for a young man like me it should not have been an issue to carry a 20-kilo chest on my back

Now answer the following Questions. EachQuestion has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 1.
For the narrator, why is the thought of returning to work tiring after a holiday?
  1. We lose energy
  2. We get used to taking rest
  3. Lack of interest in work makes us so
  4. The work is laborious

Answer:

  1. We get used to taking rest
Question 2.
Why did the narrator use the sentence obviously I did not want to go ?
  1. He lost interest in the job
  2. He did not want to leave his wife alone
  3. He was rich enough to live even without job
  4. He was completely in debts in his place of work

Answer:

  1. He did not want to leave his wife alone
Question 3.
The narrator needs another person to carry the trunk?
  1. as people would laugh at him if he carried the trunk
  2. as his education did not encourage physical labour
  3. as his father would not allow him to carry his luggage
  4. as he was not able to carry the trunk
Answer
    :
  1. as his education did not encourage physical labour
Question 4.
What kind of text is this passage?
  1. Essay
  2. Narrative
  3. Drama
  4. Conversation

Answer:

  1. Narrative

Answer the following Questions in two or three sentences each

Question 5.
What made the narrator not want to join his duties after the holiday ?

Answer: One reason is lethargy. It happens in almost all the persons. Another reason is he has to leave his newly-married wife behind and go to the place of work alone

Question 6.
Why did the narrator finally decided to go ?

Answer: Though he did not want to go to Join his duties, he finally decided to go because marriage had in creased his resonsibilities and he had got Into debts

Question 7.
Who might have carried the luggage ? why ?

Answer: The writers father carried the luggage for his son. The father did not want him to carry the trunk

(B) Read the following passage

However, I finally did decide to go. I did not have much to carry by way of luggage - just a trunk. Ours is a hilly terrain, without any motorable roads - and there is no certainty that we are ever going to have any roads. In any case, while coming home we donot carry bedding. Besides, I had come home this time round for a special purpose; to get married. My parents had arranged my marriage, according to the customs of our tribal society. Time flew, and five months into my marriage I realized it. Initially I thought of extending my leave - even taking unpaid leave. But after some dilly-dallying, I finally decided against it because marriage had increased my responsibilities and I had got into debt

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 1.
Who is the narrator of this passage?
  1. Abdul Kalam
  2. Nick
  3. Yeshe Dorjee Thongchi
  4. Mr.Narayana Murthy

Answer:

  1. Yeshe Dorjee Thongchi
Question 2.
Where is the narrator now ?
  1. at his home
  2. at his office
  3. in the fields
  4. at the bus stop

Answer:

  1. at his home
Question 3.
What is meant bydilly-dallying?
  1. sleeping for a long time
  2. working for a long time in the fields
  3. taking a long time to make a decision
  4. playing a game for a long time

Answer:

  1. taking a long time to make a decision
Question 4.
Special purpose in the above passage refers to?
  1. getting marriage
  2. taking rest
  3. earning money
  4. attending a marriage function

Answer:

  1. getting marriage

Answer the following Questions in two or three sentences each

Question 5.
The narrator preferred less luggage while coming home. Why ?

Answer: The narrator preferred less luggage, because his village was in a hilly area. There was no transport to his native village. There were no motorable roads

Question 6.
What was the decision taken by the narrator finally ?

Answer: The narrator finally decided to go to his work place or his office

Question 7.
Why did the narrator get into debt ?

Answer: Because he had to spend money on his marriage and for bearing his responsibilities

(C) Read the following passage

On my way home from the bus stop, my trunk had been carried by a porter. The problem now was we couldnt find anyone who could help me carry the trunk to the bus stop. At another time of the year, we would have easily found someone to help me, but now most of the villagers were busy in the fields. Nobody had time to spare for me. In fact, carrying the trunk should not have been such a worry for me except that my education had made me shun physical labour. After all, I was a government officer and the idea of people seeing me carry my own luggage was not at all amusing. Otherwise, - for a young man like me it should not have been an issue to carry a 20- kilo chest on my back

Finally, my father came up with a solution. Dont worry. I myself will see you off a, Dirang: I protested. How could I allow my old father to carry my trunk? What would people think? What would they say? But I failed to dissuade him. It was decided that father would carry the chest

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 1.
While going to the bus stop, the narrator could not get a person to carry his trunk to the bus-stop because?
  1. he would not pay the porter well
  2. most of the villagers were busy in the fields
  3. his father would help him
  4. There were no porters in the village

Answer:

  1. most of the villagers were busy in the fields
Question 2.
The aspect/factor which made the narrator shun physical labour was his( )?
  1. ego
  2. status
  3. wealth
  4. education

Answer:

  1. education
Question 3.
The word dissuade means?
  1. try to convince some one to do
  2. persuade
  3. persuade not to do
  4. request not to interfere

Answer:

  1. persuade not to do
Question 4.
After all, I was a government officer Name the part of speech of the word government?
  1. Noun
  2. Adjective
  3. Adverb
  4. Conjunction

Answer:

  1. Noun

Answer the following Questions in two or three sentences each

Question 5.
Why was the author reluctant to carry his own luggage ?

Answer: The author was reluctant to carry his own trunk because he was a government officer, and the idea of people seeing him carry his own luggage was not at all amusing. Moreover, his education had made him avoid physical labour

Question 6.
Why was the authour unable to get a porter ?

Answer: During other seasons, the author would have easily got someone to help him. But it was the season of agricultural activities. So, most of the villagers were busy in the fields. Nobody had time to spare for him. Hence he couldnt get a porter

Question 7.
Finally, how was the problem of carrying the trunk solved ?

Answer: Finally the authors father came up with a solution. He asked his son not to worry about his luggage. He decided to carry the trunk himself and see his son off at Dirang bus station

(D) Read the following passage

Finally, my father came up with a solution. Dont worry. I my self will see you off at Dirang

I protested. How could I allow my old father to carry my trunk ? What would people think ? What would they say ? But I failed to dissuade him. It was decided that father would carry the chest

A large crowd gathered at our place the day I was to leave. People had come to wish me luck. It was 10.20 when left for Dirang. My father had already left. As I had to do a bit of catching up, I walked fast. Three kilometers down the road, I caught up with my father. Father said, You are late. Would you like to rest for sometime ?"

Having walked fast I was tired. Moreover, I had to cross two hills on the way up to the spot, I quickly sat down on a rock. My father laughed at my plight So this little distance has tired you ? Rest for a while. But we have to be in time for the bus.

Father was quiet for some time. He thoughtfully looked at the sun for a moment, and then his eyes fell on the can of home-made wine that I was carrying. Wetting his lips with his tongue he said in a matter-of-fact manner, I am thirsty. I gave him the can of wine. He poured himself a mug and handed me the can. He drank all of it at one go

He then arranged the belt that was attached to the trunk carefully on his forehead. So, this was the picture : my father carrying my luggage on his back and me following him with a tiny bag in my hand. We were walking up a narrow hilly road, and neither of us uttered a word as if we were strangers who spoke different languages. I did not know what was going on in his mind

From time to time it crossed my mind that it was improper for me to left father carry the luggage. I wanted to tell him that I would like to carry the trunk my self, but my guilt and shame did not allow me to do so. This self-consciousness had probably to do with my education, the white-collar job that I had, or quite simply my pride, Somehow, I had the feeling that if I carried the luggage, my father and my people, in fact the whole world would laugh at me and I would be belittled

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 1.
The narrator had to walk fast because?
  1. inorder to catch the bus
  2. as it was the time for the bus to leave
  3. inorder to catch up with his father
  4. in order to meet the large crowd of people

Answer:

  1. inorder to catch up with his father
Question 2.
Which of the following phrases given in the passage means, "to say good-bye"?
  1. see off
  2. catch up with
  3. leave for
  4. come up with

Answer:

  1. see off
Question 3.
The type of text you have just read is?
  1. a detailed report
  2. a picturesque description
  3. a narrative.
  4. an autobiographical account

Answer:

  1. a narrative
Question 4.
The narrator thought that he would be belittled when?
  1. he made his father carry his luggage
  2. he carried the luggage himself
  3. the whole world saw his father carrying his luggage
  4. the other person carried his luggage

Answer:

  1. he carried the luggage himself

Answer the following

Questions in two or three sentences each

Question 5.
Why do you think the narrator was tired ?

Answer: The narrator had to walk fast to catch up with his father who started earlier. Having walked fast he was tired. Moreover he had to cross two hills on the way up to the spot

Question 6.
What does the narrators father mean by saying, "I am thirsty" ?

Answer: When the narrator and his father sat for rest, his fathers eyes fell on the can of home-made wine that the narrator was carrying. Wetting his lips with his tongue, his father said that he was thirsty. Here the lathers words, 1 am thirsty," means he wants to drink the wine

Question 7.
What were the thoughts lingering in the narrators mind while he was walking along with his father ?

Answer: From time to time it crossed the narrators mind that it was improper for him to let his old father carry the luggage. He wanted to tell his father that he would like to carry the trunk himself, but his guilt and shame didnt allow him to do so. He had the feeling that if he carried the luggage, his father and his people, in fact the whole world would laugh at him arid he would be belittled

(E) Read the following passage

Having walked fast I was tired. Moreover, I had to cross two hills on the way up to the spot. I quickly sat down on a rock. My father laughed at my plight. So this little distance has tired you? Rest for a while. But we have to be in time for the bus.

Father was quiet for some time. He thoughtfully looked at the sun for a moment, and then his eyes fell on the can of home-made wine that I was carrying. Wetting his lips with his tongue he said in a matter-of-fact manner, I am thirsty.I gave him the can of wine. He poured himself a mug and handed me the can. He drank all of it at one go. He then arranged the belt that was attached to the trunk carefully onhis forehead. So, this was the picture : my father carrying my luggage on his back and me following him with a tiny bag in my hand

We were walking up a narrow hilly road, and neither of us uttered a word as if we were strangers who spoke different languages. I did not know what was going on in his mind. From time to time it crossed my mind that it was improper for me to let father carry the luggage. I wanted to tell him that I would like to carry the trunk myself, but my guilt and shame did not allow me to do so. This self-consciousness had probably to do with my education, the white-collar job that I had, or quite simply my pride. Somehow, I had the feeling that if I had the feeling that if I carried the luggage, my father and my people, in fact the whole world would laugh at me and I would be belittled

Father had provided for my education, and I had been able to realize his dreams. My parents were truly proud of me. It was through me that they had earned a greater degree of admiration and respect from the villagers. My father would not like to see me carrying a trunk on my back and would be very hurt if I did so. I concluded that it would be better to let him carry it. Father was used to carrying luggage anyway. He was stronger and more skilled than me in these matters. I had never got used to physical labour having stayed in hostels right from my childhood

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 1.
"My father laughed at my plight." - What do you think was the narrators plight ?
  1. The narrator couldnt reach his father
  2. The narrator had to run all the way to reach his father
  3. The narrator had to drink palm-wine
  4. The narrator was tired after crossing two hills on the way up to the spot

Answer:

  1. The narrator was tired after crossing two hills on the way up to the spot
Question 2.
The writer couldnt tell his father that he would carry his luggage himself because?
  1. his guilt and shame didnt allow him to do so
  2. he felt that his father would be unhappy if he did so
  3. he was suffering from severe pains
  4. he couldnt walk such long distance with heavy load on his head

Answer:

  1. his guilt and shame didnt allow him to do so
Question 3.
Which of the following words given in the passage means, "feelings of ner-vousness about what other people think of oneself"?
  1. guilt
  2. self-consciousness
  3. plight
  4. pride

Answer:

  1. self-consciousness
Question 4.
According to the narrator, he was not accustomed to physical labour because?
  1. of his staying in hostels right from his childhood
  2. he had not been healthy since his childhood
  3. of his fathers love for him
  4. of his lack of strength

Answer:

  1. of his staying in hostels right from his childhood

Answer the following

Questions in two or three sentences each

Question 5.
The narrator feared that the whole world would laugh at him if he carried the trunk. Was his fear imaginary or real ? Give reasons?

Answer: His fear was imaginary. In fact no one would laugh at us when we do our work. For a young man like the narrator it should not have been an Issue to carry his luggage on his back

Question 6.
How did the narrator convince himself that it would be better to let his father carry his luggage ?

Answer: The narrator thought that ¡t was through him that his parents had earned a greater, degree of admiration and respect from the villagers. He felt that his father would not like to see him carrying a trunk on his back and would be very hurt if he did so. Thus the narrator convinced himself that it would be better to let his father carry his luggage

Question 7.
Why do you think the narrator was unwilling to carry his own luggage ?

Answer: The narrator had the feeling that he was a great person because of his education and the white-collar Job. He felt that ¡f he carried the luggage, his father and his people, in fact the whole world would laugh at him and he would be belittled: According to the narrator, he had never got used to physical labour having stayed in hostels right from his childhood

(F) Read the following passage

I gave him the can of wine. He poured himself a mug and handed me the can. He drank - all of it at one go. He then arranged the belt that was attached to the trunk carefully on his forehead. So, this was the picture : my father carrying my luggage on his back and me following him with a tiny bag in my hand. We were walking up a narrow hilly road, and neither of us uttered a word as if we were strangers who spoke different languages. I did ; not know what was going on in his mind

From time to time it crossed my mind that it was improper for me to let father carry the luggage. I wanted to tell him that I would like « to carry the trunk myself, but my guilt and shame did not allow me to do so. This self-consciousness had probably to do with my education, the white-collar job that I had, or quite simply my pride. Somehow, I had the feeling that if I carried the luggage, my father and my people, in fact the whole world would laugh at me and I would be belittled

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 1.
He drank all of it at one go.What doesitindicate in this line?
  1. the wine poured in the mug
  2. the wine in the can
  3. the water in the can
  4. the water poured in the can

Answer:

  1. the wine poured in the mug
Question 2.
He drank all of it at one go.. What does this act indicate ?
  1. It indicates that he is a drunkard
  2. It indicates that he is tired
  3. It indicates that he is very thirsty
  4. It indicates that he is weak

Answer:

  1. It indicates that he is very thirsty
Question 3.
The narrator and his father did not utter a word during their walk. Why ?
  1. Because they speak different languages
  2. Because they were strangers
  3. Because they did not have love and affection
  4. Because the narrator was thinking something

Answer:

  1. Because the narrator was thinking something
Question 4.
Where were the narrator and his father going ?
  1. They were going to the bus stop
  2. They were going to their fields
  3. They were going to shop shoes
  4. They were going to have an evening walk

Answer:

  1. They were going to the bus stop

Answer the following Questions in two or three sentences each

Question 5.
What was going on his mind ?

Answer: The thought that it was Improper of him to let his old father carry his luggage

Question 6.
"So this was the picture". What was it?

Answer: The writers father carrying the writers luggage on his back and the writer following him with a tiny bag

Question 7.
What was the job of the narrator ?

Answer: The narrator was a government officer

(G) Read the following passage

Father had provided for my education, and I had been able to realize his dreams. My parents were truly proud of me. It was through me that they had earned a greater degree of admiration and respect from the villagers. My father would not like to see me carrying a trunk on my back and would be very hurt if I did so. I concluded that it would be better to let him carry it

Father was used to carrying luggage anyway. Fie was stronger and more skilled than me in these matters. I had never got used to physical labour having stayed in hostels right from my childhood. So, in spite of my youth and strength, I was physically useless. I continued walking silently with father. We rested at two places on the way and had our tiffin but we hardly talked

Finally, we reached Dirang. The bus from Tawang had not yet reached Dirang and so we had some time in hand. We entered a tea shop and sat facing each other. Father appeared tired. I felt sorry for him but couldnt bring myself to say anything. I asked the waiter to get us two cups of tea. Just as I was going to take my first sip, I heard fathers voice, Do you have a pair of old shoes?

Why?" I asked. The road is uneven and full of pebbles. It hurts while walking.

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 1.
"My parents were truly proud of me" - says the author, the reason was?
  1. they had earned a greater degree of admiration and respect from the villages, owing to his job
  2. father had provided for his education that he got a government job
  3. that he got a government job
  4. he got a white-colour job

Answer:

  1. they had earned a greater degree of admiration and respect from the villages, owing to his job
Question 2.
"The bus from Tawang had not yet reached Dirang and so we had some time in hand. Here in hand means?
  1. extra time
  2. time left available to be used
  3. for tiffin
  4. for snacks, tiffin and tea

Answer:

  1. time left available to be used
Question 3.
"He was stronger and more skilled than me in these matters " says the nar¬rator "these matters" refer to?
  1. carrying trunks
  2. carrying luggage
  3. walking on hilly roads
  4. in doing manual work which requires strength

Answer:

  1. in doing manual work which requires strength
Question 4.
"Do you have a pair of old shoes ? asks father". Why does he ask for a pair of old shoes ?
  1. to economise on shoes
  2. unable to buy new shoes due to financial problems
  3. because he has no shoes
  4. The road is uneven and full of pebbles. It hurts while walking
Answer
    :
  1. The road is uneven and full of pebbles. It hurts while walking

Answer the following Questions in two or three sentences each

Question 5.
What did the narrator say about his parents and their love for him ?

Answer: The narrators parents love him very much. They leave no stone unturned for the progress and welfare of their son. Father provided adequate money and other requirements for his studies

Question 6.
How did the narrator feel when his father carried his luggage ? Was his attitude right? Justify your answer?

Answer: When the narrators father was carrying his luggage, the former (the author) felt that it was improper for him to allow his father carry his luggage. At first, the narrator wanted to tell him that he would like to carry his trunk himself. But his sense of guilt and shame did not allow-him,to do so. His father would be hurt to find his son carrying luggage. Of course, his fathers attitude was-not right and reasonable

Question 7.
Say whether the following statements are false or true?
  1. The author offered to carry the trunk for sometime
  2. The author did not take unpaid leave. He decided to join his duties
  3. The father was happy with the shoes his son gave him

Answer:

  1. False
  2. True
  3. True
(H) Read the following passage

Just as I was going to take my first sip, I heard fathers voice, "Do you have a pair of old shoes?" "Why?" I asked. "The road is uneven and full of pebbles. It hurts while walking."

I looked at fathers bare feet. Never having worn shoes, his feet had developed cracks and somehow resembled those of an elephant. I noticed this for the first time. I hadn noticed that the road was uneven. I didnt have to, since I was wearing a pair of hunting boots. I checked my wallet and saw I still had around Rs.40 with me. A pair of canvas shoes costs around Rs. 12 and the remaining amount would be enough for me to get to Bomdilr

My father protested "Give me an old pair. You dont have to spend money on a new shoes" I couldnt convince him to limy a new pair Reluctantly I gave hinthe, hunting boots I was wearing. I then took out my pair of leather shoes from the trunk, and noticed now fathers face lighting up with contentment. Suddenly he looked at me and said "Take care Write to us."

Father wanted to say something but the bus started moving. I saw that the road we had come by looked like a giant motionless rope. Simultaneously our journeys started in two opposite directions, with me seated in the luxurious seat of a bus and father walking back with weary legs on the pebble - strewn road. - The Journey

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 1.
The narrator did not notice that the road was uneven because?
  1. this was his first journey on that road
  2. he travelled in a luxurious bus
  3. he was wearing comfortable shoes
  4. he was busy talking with his father

Answer:

  1. he was wearing comfortable shoes
Question 2.
In this passage, the road is compared to?
  1. an elephant
  2. pebbles
  3. a snake
  4. a rope

Answer:

  1. a rope
Question 3.
The father was not ready to buy a new pair of shoes because?
  1. he liked to wear hunting boots
  2. he did not want to waste money
  3. he did not like new shoes
  4. he already had his old shoes

Answer:

  1. he did not want to waste money
Question 4.
I noticed it for the first time. What doesitrefer to in this sentence ?
  1. The road was full of pebbles
  2. The road was uneven
  3. The fathers feet had cracks in them
  4. The narrator was wearing hunting boots

Answer:

  1. The fathers feet had cracks in them

Answer the following Questions in two or three sentences each

Question 5.
Why do you think, the narrator had not noticed the cracks on his fathers feet ? What does this tell us about the narrator ?

Answer: The narrator had not noticed the cracks on his fathers feet because he did not have so much concern for him. This tells us about the narrators apa- thetic attitude towards his father

Question 6.
How did the father feel after receiving the shoes ? Quote a sentence from the passage to support your answer?

Answer: After receiving the shoes, the father was very happy. The sentence, and noticed my fathers face lighting up with contentment" supports this

Question 7.
How is the narrators journey different from that of his fathers ?

Answer: The narrators journey was a luxurious one whereas his fathers journey was a laborious one. Their journeys were quite opposite

(Q.8 - 12): (A) Read the following passage

This morning she bought green methi in the market, choosing the freshest bunch; picked up a white radish, imagined the crunch it would make between her teeth, the sweet sharp taste, then put it aside, thinking it an extravagance, counted her coins out carefully, tied them, a small bundle into her sari at the waist; came home, faced her mother-in-laws dark looks, took the leaves and chopped them, her hands stained yellow from the juice; cut an onion, five and cooked the whole thing in the pot over the stove, shielding her face from the heat

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 8.
What did the woman buy in the market ?
  1. radish
  2. tomatoes
  3. raw green methi
  4. brinjals

Answer:

  1. raw green methi
Question 9.
Why didnt she buy the white radish ?
  1. It was an extravagance
  2. It was not tasty
  3. It was sweet and sharp
  4. It was bitter

Answer:

  1. It was an extravagance
Question 10.
Who was the cruel person mentioned in the poem ?
  1. husband
  2. mother-in-law
  3. father-in-law
  4. sister-in-law

Answer:

  1. mother-in-law

Answer the following Questions in one or two sentences each

Question 11.
What did the woman do with the coins left ?

Answer: The woman counted her coins carefully and tied them, a small bundle into her sari at the waist

Question 12.
Why did she shield her face ?

Answer: She shielded her face to protect herself from the heat

(B) Read the following passage

The usual words came and heat their wings against her: the money spent, curses heaped upon her parents, who had sent her out to darken other peoples doors. She crouched, as usual, on the floor beside the stove, When the man came home she did not look into his face nor raise her head; but bent her back a little more. Nothing gave her the right to speak

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 8.
The womans parents were cursed by?
  1. all the other people.
  2. the green grocers.
  3. the womans mother-in-law
  4. the man

Answer:

  1. the womans mother-in-law
Question 9.
The literary device used in the expression, "The usual words came and beat their wings .." is?
  1. personification
  2. simile
  3. hyperbole
  4. metaphor

Answer:

  1. personification
Question 10.
The expression, " but bent her back a little more," suggests that?
  1. she was suffering from neck pain
  2. she was angry with her husband
  3. she was frightened of her husband
  4. she wanted to show respect for her husband

Answer:

  1. she was frightened of her husband

Answer the following Questions in one or two sentences each

Question 11.
Why do you think the woman did not raise her head , When her husband came home?

Answer: The woman didnt raise her head as she was frightened of her husband and she was very humble to him

Question 12.
  1. What does the phrase, "The usual words came and beat " suggest
  2. What would be your reaction if you were that woman

Answer:

  1. The phrase, "The usual words came and beat ", suggests that the mother in-law cursed all her daughter-in-laws actions
  2. If I were that woman, I wouldntbear the harassment experienced by the woman. I wouldnt allow the mother-in-law to rebuke my parents. I would divorce my husband
(C) Read the following passage

She watched the flame hiss up and beat against the cheap old pot, a wing of brightness against its blackened cheek. This was the house she had been sent to, the man she had been bound to, the future she had been born into

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 8.
She watched the flame hiss up-spot the figure of speech in this line?
  1. Personification
  2. Metaphor
  3. Simile
  4. Onomatopoeia

Answer:

  1. Onomatopoeia
Question 9.
The man she had been bound to?
  1. is her helpful husband
  2. is her husband who does not help her
  3. is her spouse who is co-operative
  4. is her life parterner who is indifferent to her sorrows and sufferings

Answer:

  1. is her life parterner who is indifferent to her sorrows and sufferings
Question 10.
This was the house she had been sent to means?
  1. a house where she is put to all kinds of troubles, tortures, sufferingsand humiliations
  2. a house where she is burnt to death
  3. a house where she never enjoys any comforts
  4. a place of misery, agony and anguish

Answer:

  1. a house where she is put to all kinds of troubles, tortures, sufferingsand humiliations

Answer the following Questions in one or two sentences each

Question 11.
Here, in the given passage, the suffering and humiliated woman talks of three things. What are they ?

Answer: They are -

  1. the house she had been sent to - where she suffered silently (unable to rebel) all kinds of troubles and tortures
  2. The man she had been bound to - is equally harsh, cruel, rude just like his mother, He is the husband and a silent spectator to the sorrows and sufferings inflicted on his wife, by his mother
  3. The future she had been born into - she had no future at all
Question 12.
Explain the terms - "a wing of brightness and blackened cheek "?

Answer: Unable to put up with her predicament, ceaseless suffering and bleak future - compel her to commit suicide. She herself threw kerosene at her, the only choice, she had ever known

(D) Read the following passage

So when the kerosene was thrown (just a moment of surprise, A brilliant spark) It was the only choice that she had ever known. Another torch, blazing in the dark. Another woman. We shield our faces from the heat

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 8.
When the kerosene was thrown.. who threw the kerosene on the woman?
  1. her husband
  2. her mother-in-law
  3. the woman herself threw it
  4. her husband and her mother-in-law together

Answer:

  1. the woman herself threw it
Question 9.
"Brilliant spark" symbolises?
  1. the killing of herself by throwing kerosene
  2. committing suicide
  3. a bright idea
  4. sparkling flames of fire

Answer:

  1. the killing of herself by throwing kerosene
Question 10.
Another torch blazing the dark - This implies?
  1. Another womans suffering
  2. Another woman who is committing suicide
  3. Some more bright light
  4. torch which shows the way

Answer:

  1. Another woman who is committing suicide

Answer the following Questions in one or two sentences each

Question 11.
What does the title of the poem suggest?

Answer: The title Another Woman suggests that domestic violence and harrassment by in-laws - is not applied to a single woman. The woman in the poem is a typical example of the docile, submissive, traditional woman. She is a representative of all suffering women who experience the same troubles, tortures, humiliations, curses and abuses. The title implies that there are more women in society who are suffering and struggling like her

Question 12.
Words do not have wings, but the poet employed them as if they had wings. "Attributing life and human qualitites to lifeless objects" is a figure of speech known as "personification". Find out other examples of personification in the poem?

Answer: The other examples of Personification in the poem are

  1. She watched the flan,e hiss up"
  2. "A wing of brightness",
  3. Against its blackened cheek," and
  4. Another torch" Personification is a popular figure of speech. All stories of children will have this literary device. A squirrel quarreling with a mountain, a conversation between a crow and a fox, hope deceiving people, etc
(E) Read the following passage

Jill : And this is the lounge. Aunt Jane : Charming ! Charming ! Such a cosy little room ! And such pretty furniture. Jack : (modestly) We like it, you know, handy place to sit in and listen to the radio-gram. Aunt Jane : Oh, have you got a radio-gram as well as a car and a piano ? Jack : Why, of course, Jane. You simply must have a radio set now a days, Jill : And its so nice for me when Jacks away at business. I even make him move it into the kitchen, so that I can listen to it while I cook. Jack : Sit down, Aunt Jane, You must be tired-and weve shown you everything now

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 8.
"I even make him move it into the kitchen." - What doesitrefer to ? ( )
  1. a radio set
  2. a sofa set
  3. a car
  4. a table

Answer:

  1. a radio set
Question 9.
What is the handy place mentioned above ?
  1. The outhouse of Jack and Jill
  2. The cosy little room of Jacks (Jills) house
  3. The house of Aunt Jane
  4. The guest house of Jack and Jill

Answer:

  1. The cosy little room of Jacks (Jills) house
Question 10.
Why does Jack think Aunt Jane is tired ?
  1. Because Aunt Jane has just arrived to the young couples house. Not only that, she was busy seeing the furniture, refrigerator, radio, piano, etc
  2. Because Aunt Jane worked very hard
  3. Because Aunt Jane became old and weak
  4. Because Aunt Jane helped Jill in cooking
  5. Answer:

  6. Because Aunt Jane has just arrived to the young couples house. Not only that, she was busy seeing the furniture, refrigerator, radio, piano, etc

Answer the following Questions in one or two sentences each

Question 11.
Who is Aunt Jane ?

Answer: Aunt Jane is the young couples aunt

Question 12.
Why does Jane remark, "Charming ! Charming ! ?"

Answer: Because the room was cosy with pretty furniture

(F) Read the following passage

Jill : What do you think of our little nest, Aunt Jane? Aunt Jane : I think its wonderful, my dears. The furniture-and the car-and the piano and the refrigerator and the radio-whats it- its wonderful, really wonderful! Jack : And we owe it all to you. Aunt Jane : Yes, jack, thats whats worrying me. Jack : Worrying you, Aunt Jane? Aunt Jane : Yes. That cheque I gave you for your wedding present-it was only two hundred pounds, wasnt it? I- didnt put two thousand by mistake? Jill : Why no, Aunt Jane. What on earth made you think that ? Aunt Jane : (relieved) Well, thats all right. But I still dont altogether understand. This house-its very lovely-but doesnt it cost a great deal for rent? Jack : Rent? Oh, no, we dont pay rent. Aunt Jane : But, Jack, if you dont pay rent youll get turned out-into the street. And that would never do. Youve Jill and the baby to think of now, you know. Jack : No, no, Aunt Jane. You misunderstood me. We dont pay rent because the house is ours. Aunt Jane : YOURS? Jill : Why, yes; you just pay ten pounds and its yours. Jack : You see, Aunt Jane, we realized how uneconomic it is to go on paying rent year after year, when you can buy and enjoy a home of your own for ten pounds-and a few quarterly payments, of course. Why be Mr. Tenant when you can be Mr. Owner? Aunt Jane : I see. Yes, theres something in that. Even so, you must be getting on very well to keep up a place like this

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A)f (B), (C) or (D) in your answer bookletQuestion 8.
Jack and Jill dont pay rent because?

  1. it is their relatives house
  2. the house owner is kind and generous; he allows them to reside at his house without paying rent
  3. they own it on instalment basis
  4. they dont have any money with them to pay rent

Answer:

  1. they own it on instalment basis
Question 9.
The little nest in the expression, "What do you think of our little nest, Aunt Jane?" refers to?
  1. a sparrows nest
  2. the young couples house
  3. Aunt Janes house
  4. the nest made by Jack and Jill for their little parrot

Answer:

  1. the young couples house
Question 10.
Jack says, "No, no Aunt Jane. You misunderstood me." According to Jack, how did Aunt Jane misunderstand him ?
  1. Jane misunderstood that the house was theirs
  2. Jane misunderstood that they bought that new house
  3. Jane misunderstood that they were not paying rent for the house they were residing at
  4. Jane misunderstood that they bought the house with the money she gave to them as wedding present

Answer:

  1. Jane misunderstood that they were not paying rent for the house they were residing at

Answer the following Questions in one or two sentences each

Question 11.
Aunt Jane says, "Yes, Jack, thats whats worrying me" - Why do you think Jane was worrying ?

Answer: Aunt Jane thought whether she hadgiven them the cheque for 2000 pounds instead of 200 pounds as wedding present. She doubted that they could have bought all those things with the cheque she had presented to them

Question 12.
"The furniture - and the car - and the piano - and the refrigerator and the radio How do you think Jack and Jill manage to get all those things ?

Answer: Jack and Jill manage to get all those things by instalment scheme

(G) Read the following passage

Aunt Jane : And the rest belongs to Mr. Sage, I suppose? Jill : Er-Yes. Aunt Jane : Well. Im not going to sit on-Mr. Sages part for any one. (She stands up.) Now, tell me, how much do all these instalments come to? Jack : Well, actually-(He takes out, his pocket-book and consults it.) actually to seven pounds eight and eight pence a week. Aunt Jane : Good heavens! And how much do you earn? Jack : As a matter of fact-er-that is-six pounds. Aunt Jane : But thats absurd! How can you pay seven pounds eight and eight pence out of six pounds? Jack : Oh, thats easy. You see, all you have to do is to borrow the rest of the money for the payments from the Thrift and Providence Trust Corporation. Jill : Theyre only too glad to loan you any amount you like, on note of hand alone. Aunt Jane : And how do you propose to pay that back? Jack : Oh, thats easy, too. You just pay it back in instalments. Aunt Jane : Instalments! (She claps her hand to her forehead and sinks back weakly into the chair. Then realises that she is sitting on Mr. Sages piece and leaps to her feet again with a little shriek.) Jack : Aunt Jane! Is anything the matter? Would you like to lie down? Aunt Jane : Lie down? Do you suppose Im going to trust myself in a bed that belongs to Mr. Sage, or Marks and Spencer, or somebody? No, I am going home. Jill : Oh, must you really go? Aunt Jane : I think Id better. Jack : Ill drive you to the station. Aunt Jane : What! Travel in a car that has only one tyre and two thingummies! No thank you-Ill take the bus

Now answer the following Questions. Each Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 8.
"And the rest belongs to Mr. Sage, I suppose ?" Who do you think is Mr. Sage?
  1. Jacks relative
  2. Jills relative
  3. a financier
  4. Janes relative

Answer:

  1. a financier
Question 9.
"As a matter of fact-er-that is - six pounds." - Here er is referred to?
  1. surprise
  2. agony
  3. hesitation
  4. distress

Answer:

  1. hesitation
Question 10.
Aunt Jane refuses to sit on furniture because?
  1. the furniture is dirty
  2. she comes to know that the furniture is owned by instalment scheme
  3. she is suffering from joint pains
  4. she opposes Mr. Sage very much

Answer:

  1. she comes to know that the furniture is owned by instalment scheme

Answer the following Questions in one or two sentences each

Question 11.
Why do you think Aunt Jane claps her hand to her forehead and sinks back weakly into the chair ?

Answer: When Aunt Jane comes to know that Jack and Jill have owned all those things on Instalment basis, she claps her hand to her forehead and sinks back weakly into the chair. She doesnt like to own things on instalment scheme. Cash down and carry the things is her motto

Question 12.
Why does Aunt Jane say that she will take the bus ?

Answer: Aunt Jane realises that the young couple have owned all the things including the car on instalment scheme. Hence, she refuses Jack when he tells her that he will drive her to the station in his car, She opts to travel by a bus

(H) Read the following passage

Jack : Well, of course, if you feel like that about it.. Aunt Jane: (relenting a little) Now, Im sorry if I sounded rude, but really Im shocked to find the way youre living. Ive never owed a penny in my life-cash down, thats my motto and I want you to do the same. (She opens her handbag.) Now look, heres a little cheque I was meaning to give you, anyway. (She hands it to Jill.) Suppose you take it and pay off just one of your bills- so that you can say one thing at least really belongs to you. Jill : (awkwardly)Er-thank you. Aunt Jane. Its very nice of you. Aunt Jane: (patting her arm)There! Now I must be going. Jack : Ill see you to the bus anyway. Jill : Good-bye, Aunt Jane-and thanks so much for the present. Aunt Jane: (kissing her) Good-bye, my dear. (She and Jack go out. Jill looks at the cheque and exclaims Ten pounds! Then she hurries to the table, addresses an envelope, endorses the cheque and slips it inside with a bill which she takes from the bag and seals the envelope. Then she rings the bell. In a - moment the nurse comes in with the baby in her arms.) Jill : Oh, nurse. I want you to run and post this for me. Ill look after baby while youre gone. Nurse : Certainly, madam. (She hands the baby to Jill, takes the letter, and goes.) (A second later Jack comes in again.) Jack : Well, shes gone! What a tartar! Still, she did leave us a bit on account- how much was it? Jill : Ten pounds. Jack : (with a whistle) Phew! Thats great! We can pay off the next two months on the car with that. Jill : I-Im afraid we cant -

Now answer the following

Questions. Each
Question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet

Question 8.
What do you mean by the word that in the expression, "We can pay off the next two months on the car with that" ?
  1. Jacks salary
  2. Jills salary
  3. the cheque given by Aunt Jane
  4. Jacks increased salary

Answer:

  1. the cheque given by Aunt Jane
Question 9.
Which of the following words given in the passage means, "a person who is irritably and hard to cope with"?
  1. tartar
  2. phew
  3. thingummy
  4. relent

Answer:

  1. tartar
Question 10.
Aunt Jane advises Jack and Jill?
  1. to buy things on instalment basis
  2. no to buy things on instalment basis
  3. not to give cheque to financiers
  4. to pay off all their bills in that month

Answer:

  1. no to buy things on instalment basis

Answer the following Questions in one or two sentences each

Question 11.
Do you think Jack could pay off his instalments ? Why (not)?

Answer: No, I dont think Jack could pay off his instalments because the salary he earned was not enough to pay all the instalments

Question 12.
Why do you think Jill says, "I - Im afraid we cant -" ?

Answer: Jill had sent the cheque to the doctor to own their daughter. So, when Jack told her that they could pay off the-next two months on the car with the cheque they got from Aunt Jane, she said so

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